amxmodx/plugins/include/xs.inc

/* XS Library
*   for AMX and AMXX
*
*  Copyright (C) 2004 Pavol "PM" Marko
*
*  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
*  under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
*  Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at
*  your option) any later version.
*
*  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
*  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
*  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
*  General Public License for more details.
*
*  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
*  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
*  Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*
*  In addition, as a special exception, the author gives permission to
*  link the code of this program with the Half-Life Game Engine ("HL
*  Engine") and Modified Game Libraries ("MODs") developed by Valve,
*  L.L.C ("Valve"). You must obey the GNU General Public License in all
*  respects for all of the code used other than the HL Engine and MODs
*  from Valve. If you modify this file, you may extend this exception
*  to your version of the file, but you are not obligated to do so. If
*  you do not wish to do so, delete this exception statement from your
*  version.
*
*  Version 0.1
*
*
*  MACROS THAT YOU CAN DEFINE BEFORE INCLUDING XS.INC:
*   XS_FLEQ_TOLERANCE:
*    Tolerance that is used for XS_FLEQ float nearly-equal comparisions
*     DEFAULT: 0.000005
*   XS_DEBUG
*    Turn debug logging on
*     DEFAULT: 0
*   XS_LOGBUFFER_SIZE
*    Buffer size for logging
*     DEFAULT: 512
*   XS_TASK_MAXPARAMS
*    Maximal parameter count for managed tasks
*     DEFAULT: 8
*   XS_TASK_MAXPARAMSIZE
*    Maximal size of string parameter for tasks
*    Has to be power of 2 and has to be >= 8
*     DEFAULT: 512
*   XS_TASK_MANAGEDIDS
*    Number of managed IDs for tasks.
*     DEFAULT: 2048
*   XS_REPLACEBUF_SIZE
*     DEFAULT: 3072
*
*
*  NOTES:
*   On AMX, VexdUM is required for some math functions
*
*   xs__ / XS__ (2 underscores) stuff is meant to be intern
*
*   untested: never tested
*   half-tested: succesfully used in other applications; not extensively tested in xs though
*   tested: fully tested
*
*   If you have any useful functions / ideas for functions, please tell me.
*/

#if defined _xs_included
  #endinput
#endif
#define _xs_included

// **** CONFIG CHECK

#if !defined XS_FLEQ_TOLERANCE
	#define XS_FLEQ_TOLERANCE 0.000005
#endif

#if !defined XS_DEBUG
	#define XS_DEBUG 0
#endif

#if !defined XS_LOGBUFFER_SIZE
	#define XS_LOGBUFFER_SIZE 512
#endif

#if !defined XS_TASK_MAXPARAMS
	#define XS_TASK_MAXPARAMS 8
#endif

#if !defined XS_TASK_MAXPARAMSIZE
	#define XS_TASK_MAXPARAMSIZE 512
#endif

#if !defined XS_TASK_MANAGEDIDS
	#define XS_TASK_MANAGEDIDS 2048
#endif

#if !defined XS_REPLACEBUF_SIZE
	#define XS_REPLACEBUF_SIZE 3072
#endif

// **** Detect platform
#define XS_AMX		0
#define XS_AMXX		1

#if defined _amxmodx_included
	#define XS_PLATFORM XS_AMXX
#endif

#if defined _amxmod_included && !defined _amxmodx_included
	#define XS_PLATFORM XS_AMX
#endif

#if !defined XS_PLATFORM
	// Could not detect platform.
	// Make sure you include amxmodx.inc or amxmod.inc before including xs.inc
	#assert 0
	#endinput
#endif

// Turn on for release
#define XS__LIBRELEASE 1

#if XS__LIBRELEASE
	#define XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB stock
#else
	#define XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB
#endif
#if XS__LIBRELEASE
	#define XS_LIBVAR_ATTRIB stock
#else
	#define XS_LIBVAR_ATTRIB new
#endif


// Hardcore
#pragma semicolon 1
/****** DEBUGGING / LOGING FUNCTIONS ******/
	enum xs_logtypes
	{
		xs_debug,
		xs_message,
		xs_warning,
		xs_error,
		xs_fatalerror,
		xs__assertionfailed,
		
		// must come last
		xs_logtypes_count
	}
	
	XS_LIBVAR_ATTRIB const xs__logtypenames[xs_logtypes_count][] = {"DEBUG", "", "WARNING", "ERROR", "FATAL ERROR", "DEBUG ASSERTION FAILED"};
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_log(xs_logtypes:logtype, {Float,_}:...)
	{
		// WARNING: Don't try to use assert in here; it uses this func
		
		// Don't log debug if not in debug mode
		#if !XS_DEBUG
			if (logtype == xs_debug)
				return;
		#endif
	
		new buffer[XS_LOGBUFFER_SIZE+1];
		buffer[XS_LOGBUFFER_SIZE]=0;
		format_args(buffer, XS_LOGBUFFER_SIZE, 1 /* go from SECOND argument*/);
		new bool:addLogTypeName = strlen(xs__logtypenames[logtype]) ? true : false;
	
		#if XS_PLATFORM == XS_AMX
			new plugname[32];
			new dummy[1];
			get_plugin(-1, plugname, 31, dummy, 0, dummy, 0, dummy, 0, dummy, 0, dummy[0]);
			// log into HL Logs
			log_message("[AMX][%s]: %s%s%s", plugname, addLogTypeName ? xs__logtypenames[logtype] : "",
				addLogTypeName ? ": " : "", buffer);
		#else	// assume AMXX
	
			// Use AMXX's logging system
			log_amx("%s%s%s", addLogTypeName ? xs__logtypenames[logtype] : "",
				addLogTypeName ? ": " : "", buffer);	
		#endif
	}
	
	// Assertion
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_assertfunc({Float,_}:exp, const desc[])
	{
		// Check exp
		if (exp)
			return 1; // ok
		
		// not ok
		
		// print info
		xs_log(xs__assertionfailed, "%s", desc);
		
		return 0;
	}
	#define xs_assert(%1,%2) if (!xs_assertfunc(%1,%2)) xs__global_null /= xs__global_null
	
	
	// Assertion; only in debug mode
	// untested; logical flow says it should work
	#if XS_DEBUG
		#define xs_assert_dbg(%1,%2) if (!xs_assertfunc(%1,%2)) xs__global_null /= xs__global_null
	#else
		#define xs_assert_dbg(%1,%2)
	#endif
	
	new xs__global_null = 0;
	
/****** MATH FUNCTIONS ******/

	/****** BASIC STUFF ******/
	
	#if XS_PLATFORM == XS_AMX
		enum anglemode
		{
			radian = 0,
			degrees,
			grades
		} 
	#endif
	
	// Returns -1 if num is negative, 0 if num is 0, 1 if num is positive
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_sign(num)
	{
		return (num < 0) ? -1 : ((num == 0) ? 0 : 1);
	}
	
	// Returns -1 if num is negative, 0 if num is 0, 1 if num is positive
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_fsign(Float:num)
	{
		return (num < 0.0) ? -1 : ((num == 0.0) ? 0 : 1);
	}
	
	// Returns absolute value
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_abs(num)
	{
		return (num < 0) ? -num : num;
	}
	
	// is power of 2? (== can be expressed as 1<<i)
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_is_2power(x)
	{
		return (x!=0) && ((x&(x-1))==0);
	}
	
	// degrees to radians
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB Float:xs_deg2rad(Float:x)
	{
		return x * 0.017453292519943;
	}
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB Float:xs_rad2deg(Float:x)
	{
		return x * 57.29577951308232;
	}
	
	// untested, should work though
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB Float:xs_gra2rad(Float:x)
	{
		return x * 0.015707963267948;
	}
	
	// untested, should work though
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB Float:xs_rad2gra(Float:x)
	{
		return x * 63.66197723675813;
	}
	
	// Only works when there is no whitespace between %1, the comma and %2...
	// tested
	#define XS_FLEQ(%1,%2) (((%1) <= ((%2) + XS_FLEQ_TOLERANCE)) && ((%1) >= ((%2) - XS_FLEQ_TOLERANCE)))

	// 1/sqrt
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB Float:xs_rsqrt(Float:x)
	{
		#if XS_PLATFORM == XS_AMX
			// store half
			new Float:xhalf = x * 0.5;
			
			// compute initial guess
			new i = _:x;
			i = 0x5f375a84 - (i >> 1);
			x = Float:i;
			
			// refine 3 times
			x = x * (1.5 - xhalf * x * x);
			x = x * (1.5 - xhalf * x * x);
			x = x * (1.5 - xhalf * x * x);
			
			return x;
		#else
			return 1.0 / floatsqroot(x);
		#endif
	}
	
	// sqrt
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB Float:xs_sqrt(Float:x)
	{
		#if XS_PLATFORM == XS_AMX
			// 1.0 / rsqrt should still be faster than loop-using-approximation-methods
			return 1.0 / xs_rsqrt(x);
		#else
			return floatsqroot(x);
		#endif
	}
	
	// These functions generate errors if you use the macros with wrong parameter count.
	stock Float:xs_fabs(Float:pa)
	{
		#pragma unused pa
		new rawr = you_need_one_param_for_fabs;
		rawr = warning_below_shows_line_number;
		#pragma unused rawr
	}
	stock Float:xs_asin(Float:pa,Float:pb)
	{
		#pragma unused pa,pb
		new rawr = you_need_two_params_for_asin;
		rawr = warning_below_shows_line_number;
		#pragma unused rawr
	}
	stock Float:xs_sin(Float:pa,Float:pb)
	{
		#pragma unused pa,pb
		new rawr = you_need_two_params_for_sin;
		#pragma unused rawr
	}
	stock Float:xs_acos(Float:pa,Float:pb)
	{
		#pragma unused pa,pb
		new rawr = you_need_two_params_for_acos;
		rawr = warning_below_shows_line_number;
		#pragma unused rawr
	}
	stock Float:xs_cos(Float:pa,Float:pb)
	{
		#pragma unused pa,pb
		new rawr = you_need_two_params_for_cos;
		rawr = warning_below_shows_line_number;
		#pragma unused rawr
	}
	stock Float:xs_atan(Float:pa,Float:pb)
	{
		#pragma unused pa,pb
		new rawr = you_need_two_params_for_atan;
		rawr = warning_below_shows_line_number;
		#pragma unused rawr
	}
	stock Float:xs_atan2(Float:pa,Float:pb)
	{
		#pragma unused pa,pb
		new rawr = you_need_two_params_for_atan2;
		rawr = warning_below_shows_line_number;
		#pragma unused rawr
	}
	stock Float:xs_tan(Float:pa, Float:pb)
	{
		#pragma unused pa,pb
		new rawr = you_need_two_params_for_tan;
		rawr = warning_below_shows_line_number;
		#pragma unused rawr
	}
	
	#if XS_PLATFORM == XS_AMX
		#pragma semicolon 0
		#include <VexdUM>
		#pragma semicolon 1
		// We need stocks to provide radian / degrees / grades functionality
		
		XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB Float:xs__2rad(Float:x, anglemode:mod)
		{
			switch (mod)
			{
			case radian:
				return x;
			case degrees:
				return xs_deg2rad(x);
			case grades:
				return xs_gra2rad(x);
			default:
				xs_assert(0, "xs_asin, xs_sin, xs_acos, xs_cos, xs_atan, xs_atan2 or xs_tan called with invalid mod param");
			}
			
			return 0.0;		// compiler warning
		}
		
		#define xs_fabs(%1) fabs(%1)
		#define xs_asin(%1,%2) asin(xs__2rad(%1, %2))
		#define xs_sin(%1,%2) sin(xs__2rad(%1, %2))
		#define xs_acos(%1,%2) acos(xs__2rad(%1, %2))
		#define xs_cos(%1,%2) cos(xs__2rad(%1, %2))
		#define xs_atan(%1,%2) atan(xs__2rad(%1, %2))
		#define xs_atan2(%1,%2) atan2(xs__2rad(%1, %2))
		#define xs_tan(%1,%2) tan(xs__2rad(%1, %2))
	#else
		#define xs_fabs(%1) floatabs(%1)
		#define xs_asin(%1,%2) floatasin(%1, %2)
		#define xs_sin(%1,%2) floatsin(%1, %2)
		#define xs_acos(%1,%2) floatacos(%1, %2)
		#define xs_cos(%1,%2) floatcos(%1, %2)
		#define xs_atan(%1,%2) floatatan(%1, %2)
		#define xs_atan2(%1,%2) floatatan2(%1, %2)
		#define xs_tan(%1,%2) floattan(%1, %2)
	#endif
	
	/****** RANDOM NUMBERS ******/
	// This routine comes from the book "Inner Loops" by Rick Booth, Addison-Wesley
	// (ISBN 0-201-47960-5). This is a "multiplicative congruential random number
	// generator" that has been extended to 31-bits
	
	XS_LIBVAR_ATTRIB xs__internalseed=0x546875;
	
	#define XS__IL_RMULT 1103515245
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_seed(seed)
	{
		xs__internalseed = seed;
	}
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_irand()
	{
		new lo, hi, ll, lh, hh, hl;
		new result;
		
		lo = xs__internalseed & 0xffff;
		hi = xs__internalseed >> 16;
		xs__internalseed = xs__internalseed * XS__IL_RMULT + 12345;
		ll = lo * (XS__IL_RMULT  & 0xffff);
		lh = lo * (XS__IL_RMULT >> 16    );
		hl = hi * (XS__IL_RMULT  & 0xffff);
		hh = hi * (XS__IL_RMULT >> 16    );
		result = xs_abs(((ll + 12345) >> 16) + lh + hl + (hh << 16));
		return result;
	}
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB Float:xs_frand()
	{
		return float(xs_irand()) / float(xs_get_maxnum());		// -1/2 should be the biggest possible positive number
	}
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_irand_range(pmin, pmax)
	{
		xs_assert_dbg(pmax - pmin >= 0, "xs_irand_range: pmin > pmax");
		new i = pmin + floatround(xs_frand() * float(pmax - pmin));
		if (i > pmax)
			i = pmax;
		return i;
	}
	
	/****** VECTORS & PLANES ******/

	// *** vectors
	
	// Set vec components to values
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_vec_set(Float:vec[], Float:x, Float:y, Float:z)
	{
		vec[0] = x;
		vec[1] = y;
		vec[2] = z;
	}
	
	// Add vec
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_vec_add(const Float:in1[], const Float:in2[], Float:out[])
	{
		out[0] = in1[0] + in2[0];
		out[1] = in1[1] + in2[1];
		out[2] = in1[2] + in2[2];
	}
	
	// Subtract vec
	// untested, but should work
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_vec_sub(const Float:in1[], const Float:in2[], Float:out[])
	{
		out[0] = in1[0] - in2[0];
		out[1] = in1[1] - in2[1];
		out[2] = in1[2] - in2[2];
	}
	
	// Are vectors equal?
	// untested, but should work
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB bool:xs_vec_equal(const Float:vec1[], const Float:vec2[])
	{
		return (vec1[0] == vec2[0]) && (vec1[1] == vec2[1]) && (vec1[2] == vec2[2]);
	}
	
	// Are vectors nearly equal?
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB bool:xs_vec_nearlyequal(const Float:vec1[], const Float:vec2[])
	{
		return XS_FLEQ(vec1[0], vec2[0]) && XS_FLEQ(vec1[1], vec2[1]) && XS_FLEQ(vec1[2], vec2[2]);
	}
	
	// multiply vector by scalar
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_vec_mul_scalar(const Float:vec[], Float:scalar, Float:out[])
	{
		out[0] = vec[0] * scalar;
		out[1] = vec[1] * scalar;
		out[2] = vec[2] * scalar;
	}
	
	// divide vector by scalar
	// untested, but should work
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_vec_div_scalar(const Float:vec[], Float:scalar, Float:out[])
	{
		new Float:__tmp = 1.0 / scalar;
		out[0] = vec[0] * __tmp;
		out[1] = vec[1] * __tmp;
		out[2] = vec[2] * __tmp;
	}
	
	// Compute vector length
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB Float:xs_vec_len(const Float:vec[])
	{
		return xs_sqrt(vec[0]*vec[0] + vec[1]*vec[1] + vec[2]*vec[2]);
	}
	
	// Normalize vec
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_vec_normalize(const Float:vec[], Float:out[])
	{
		new Float:invlen = xs_rsqrt(vec[0]*vec[0] + vec[1]*vec[1] + vec[2]*vec[2]);
		out[0] = vec[0] * invlen;
		out[1] = vec[1] * invlen;
		out[2] = vec[2] * invlen;
	}
	
	// Store the cross product of vec1 and vec2 in out
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_vec_cross(const Float:vec1[], const Float:vec2[], Float:out[])
	{
		out[0] = vec1[1]*vec2[2] - vec1[2]*vec2[1];
		out[1] = vec1[2]*vec2[0] - vec1[0]*vec2[2];
		out[2] = vec1[0]*vec2[1] - vec1[1]*vec2[0];
	}
	
	// Compute vec1 dot vec2
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB Float:xs_vec_dot(const Float:vec1[], const Float:vec2[])
	{
		return vec1[0]*vec2[0] + vec1[1]*vec2[1] + vec1[2]*vec2[2];
	}
	
	// Negate vec into out
	// untested, but should work
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_vec_neg(const Float:vec[], Float:out[])
	{
		out[0] = -vec[0];
		out[1] = -vec[1];
		out[2] = -vec[2];
	}
	
	// Copy vec
	// untested, but should work
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_vec_copy(const Float:vecIn[], Float:vecOut[])
	{
		vecOut[0] = vecIn[0];
		vecOut[1] = vecIn[1];
		vecOut[2] = vecIn[2];
	}
	
	// Compute angle between vec1 and vec2
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB Float:xs_vec_angle(const Float:vec1[], const Float:vec2[])
	{
		return xs_rad2deg(xs_acos(xs_vec_dot(vec1, vec2), radian));
	}
	
	// Reflect vec about normal
	// untested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_vec_reflect(const Float:vec[], const Float:normal[], Float:out[])
	{
		// normalize(vec) - (normal * 2.0 * (tmp . normal)) * length(vec)
		
		new Float:tmp1[3];
		xs_vec_normalize(vec, tmp1);
		
		// tmp1 - (normal * 2.0 * (tmp . normal)) * length(vec)
		
		new Float:tmp2[3];
		xs_vec_mul_scalar(normal, 2.0, tmp2);
		xs_vec_mul_scalar(tmp2, xs_vec_dot(tmp1, normal), tmp2);
		
		// tmp1 - tmp2 * length(vec)
		xs_vec_mul_scalar(tmp2, xs_vec_len(vec), tmp2);
		
		// tmp1 - tmp2
		xs_vec_sub(tmp1, tmp2, out);
	}
	
	// Turn a 3D vector into a 2D vector
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_vec_make2d(const Float:vec[3], Float:out[2])
	{
		out[0] = vec[0];
		out[1] = vec[1];
	}
	
	// *** planes
	
	// normal
	#define XS_PLANE_A 0
	#define XS_PLANE_B 1
	#define XS_PLANE_C 2
	// plane shift distance
	#define XS_PLANE_D 3


	// Set a plane to specific values
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_plane_set(Float:plane[], Float:a, Float:b, Float:c, Float:d)
	{
		plane[XS_PLANE_A] = a;
		plane[XS_PLANE_B] = b;
		plane[XS_PLANE_C] = c;
		plane[XS_PLANE_D] = d;
	}
	
	// Construct a plane out of 3 points
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_plane_3p(Float:plane[], const Float:p1[], const Float:p2[], const Float:p3[])
	{
		new Float:normalA[3], Float:normalB[3];
		
		// normalA = Normalize(p3 - p1);
		normalA[0] = p3[0] - p1[0];
		normalA[1] = p3[1] - p1[1];
		normalA[2] = p3[2] - p1[2];
		xs_vec_normalize(normalA, normalA);
		
		// normalB = Normalize(p3 - p2);
		normalB[0] = p3[0] - p2[0];
		normalB[1] = p3[1] - p2[1];
		normalB[2] = p3[2] - p2[2];
		xs_vec_normalize(normalB, normalB);
		
		// plane normal = Normalize(normalA cross normalB)
		xs_vec_cross(normalA, normalB, plane);
		xs_vec_normalize(plane, plane);
		
		// plane shift distance = (-p1) dot plane normal
		new Float:__tmp[3];
		xs_vec_neg(plane, __tmp);
		plane[XS_PLANE_D] = xs_vec_dot(__tmp, p1);
		
	}
	
	// untested, but should work
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB bool:xs_plane_equal(const Float:plane1[], const Float:plane2[])
	{
		if (	(plane1[0] == plane2[0]) &&
			(plane1[1] == plane2[1]) &&
			(plane1[2] == plane2[2]) &&
			(plane1[3] == plane2[3]))
			return true;
		return false;
	}
	
	// untested, but should work
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB bool:xs_plane_nearlyequal(const Float:plane1[], const Float:plane2[])
	{
		if (	XS_FLEQ(plane1[0], plane2[0]) &&
			XS_FLEQ(plane1[1], plane2[1]) &&
			XS_FLEQ(plane1[2], plane2[2]) &&
			XS_FLEQ(plane1[3], plane2[3]))
			return true;
		return false;
	}
	
	// Compute distance between plane and point
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB Float:xs_plane_dst2point(const Float:plane[], const Float:point[])
	{
		// return normal dot point + D
		return xs_vec_dot(plane, point) + plane[XS_PLANE_D];
	}
	
	// Checks whether plane intersects with the ray starting and rayStart and going to rayDir direction.
	// If yes, returns true and sets out to the intersection point
	// Otherwise, returns false
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB bool:xs_plane_rayintersect(const Float:plane[], const Float:rayStart[], const Float:rayDir[], Float:out[])
	{
		new Float:a = xs_vec_dot(plane, rayDir);
		
		if (a == 0.0)
			return false;		// ray is parallel to plane
		
		// if (distance plane<->(rayStart + rayDir) > distance plane<->rayStart) and both have the same sign, the ray
		// goes away from the plane
		new Float:rsplusrd[3];
		xs_vec_add(rayStart, rayDir, rsplusrd);
		new Float:dst1 = xs_plane_dst2point(plane, rsplusrd);
		new Float:dst2 = xs_plane_dst2point(plane, rayStart);
		if (xs_fabs(dst1) > xs_fabs(dst2) && xs_fsign(dst1) == xs_fsign(dst2))
			return false;
		
		
		// out = rayStart - rayDir * ((distance plane<->rayStart) / a)
		new Float:__tmp[3];
		xs_vec_mul_scalar(rayDir, xs_plane_dst2point(plane, rayStart) / a, __tmp);
		// out = rayStart - tmp
		xs_vec_sub(rayStart, __tmp, out);
		
		return true;
	}
	
	// Is point on plane?
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB bool:xs_point_onplane(const Float:plane[], const Float:point[])
	{
		return XS_FLEQ(xs_plane_dst2point(plane, point), 0.0);
	}
	
	// Project point on plane
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_projpoint_onplane(const Float:plane[], const Float:point[], Float:out[])
	{
		new Float:__tmp[3];
		// out = point - (plane normal * distance point<->plane)
		xs_vec_copy(plane, __tmp);
		xs_vec_mul_scalar(__tmp, xs_plane_dst2point(plane, point), __tmp);
		xs_vec_sub(point, __tmp, out);
	}
	
	// Copy plane
	// untested, but should work
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_plane_copy(const Float:planeIn[], Float:planeOut[])
	{
		planeOut[0] = planeIn[0];
		planeOut[1] = planeIn[1];
		planeOut[2] = planeIn[2];
		planeOut[3] = planeIn[3];
	}

	/****** HL ENGINE SPECIFIC STUFF ******/
	// Compute forward, right and up vector from angles
	// half-tested
	
	// angle indexes
	#define	XS_PITCH				0		// up / down
	#define	XS_YAW					1		// left / right
	#define	XS_ROLL					2		// fall over

	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_anglevectors(const Float:angles[3], Float:fwd[3], Float:right[3], Float:up[3])
	{
		// sin (s) and cos (c) for yaw (y), pitch (p) and roll (r)
		new Float:sr, Float:sp, Float:sy, Float:cr, Float:cp, Float:cy;
		
		sy = xs_sin(angles[XS_YAW], degrees);
		cy = xs_cos(angles[XS_YAW], degrees);
		sp = xs_sin(angles[XS_PITCH], degrees);
		cp = xs_cos(angles[XS_PITCH], degrees);
		sr = xs_sin(angles[XS_ROLL], degrees);
		cr = xs_cos(angles[XS_ROLL], degrees);
		
		fwd[0] = cp*cy;
		fwd[1] = cp*sy;
		fwd[2] = -sp;
		
		right[0] = (-1*sr*sp*cy + -1*cr*-sy);
		right[1] = (-1*sr*sp*sy + -1*cr*cy);
		right[2] = -1*sr*cp;
		
		up[0] = (cr*sp*cy + -sr*-sy);
		up[1] = (cr*sp*sy + -sr*cy);
		up[2] = cr*cp;
	}
/****** STRING FUNCS *******/

	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_strchr(const str[], chr)
	{
		for (new i = 0; str[i] != 0; ++i)
		{
			if (str[i] == chr)
				return i;
		}
		return -1;
	}
	
	// by JGHG, adapted
	// removes charstotrim number of charactes from stringtotrim's
	//  - beginning if fromleft is true
	//  - end if fromleft is false
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_strtrim(stringtotrim[], charstotrim, bool:fromleft = true)
	{
		if (charstotrim <= 0)
        		return;
		
		if (fromleft)
		{
			new maxlen = strlen(stringtotrim);
			if (charstotrim > maxlen)
				charstotrim = maxlen;

			// In format, input and output regions can overlap
			format(stringtotrim, maxlen, "%s", stringtotrim[charstotrim]);
		}
		else
		{
			new maxlen = strlen(stringtotrim) - charstotrim;
			if (maxlen < 0)
				maxlen = 0;

			// In format, input and output regions can overlap
			format(stringtotrim, maxlen, "%s", stringtotrim);
		}
	}
	
	// by xeroblood, adapted
	// copies characters from oldmsg to newmsg, starting at start and ending at end (_includes_ end).
	// terminates newmsg with 0
	// if outlen is positive, it specifies the maximal number of characters to be copied.
	// otherwise, assumes that newmsg is at least end-start+1 characters long.
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_strmid(const oldmsg[], newmsg[], start, end, outlen=-1)
	{
		new len = strlen(oldmsg);
		
		if(start < 0)
			start = 0;
		
		++end;		// Include end
		
		if(end <= start || end > len)
			end = len;

		new j = 0, i = start;
		for(; (i < end) && (outlen--);)
			newmsg[j++] = oldmsg[i++];
		
		newmsg[j] = 0;
	}
	
	// by xeroblood, adapted
	// maxelems: maximal number of elements in output, elemsize: maximal size of one element
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_explode(const input[], output[][], delimiter, maxelems, elemsize)
	{
		new nIdx = 0;
		new nLen = 0;

		new copied = 0;
		while(nLen < strlen(input) && nIdx < maxelems)
		{
			copied = copyc(output[nIdx++], elemsize, input[nLen], delimiter);
			if (copied == elemsize)
			{
				// maybe it got force-stopped because of maxsize
				// so check whether we have to skip something
				if (input[nLen + copied] != delimiter && input[nLen + copied] != 0)
				{
					new found = xs_strchr(input[nLen + copied], delimiter);
					if (found == -1)
						break;
					copied += found;
				}
			}
			
			nLen += copied + 1;	// +1: skip delimiter
		}
		return nIdx;
	}
	
	// returns number of cells written.
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_implode(output[], outsize, delimiter, const input[][], elemsnum)
	{
		new pos = 0;
		new copied;
		for (new i = 0; i < elemsnum; ++i)
		{
			copied = copy(output[pos], outsize - pos, input[i]);
			pos += copied;
			if (pos >= outsize)
				return outsize;
			// append delimiter
			output[pos] = delimiter;
			++pos;
			// last check
			if (pos >= outsize)
				return outsize;
		}
		
		output[--pos] = 0;		// The last char would be delimiter, so skip it.
		return pos;
	}
	
	
	XS_LIBVAR_ATTRIB xs__replace_buf[XS_REPLACEBUF_SIZE];
	// Replace all occurencies of what in text with with
	// Returns number of (also partially if trimmed by len) replaced items.
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_replace(text[], len, const what[], const with[])
	{
		new occur = 0;
		new i = 0;
		new bufPos = 0;
		new replaceLen = strlen(with);
		new whatLen = strlen(what);
		for (; text[i]; ++i)
		{
			if (text[i] == what[0])
			{
				new posInWhat=0;
				new j;
				for (j = i; j-i < replaceLen && text[j]; ++j, ++posInWhat)
				{
					if (text[j] != what[posInWhat])
						break;
				}
				if (whatLen == posInWhat)
				{
					for (new i2 = 0; i2 < replaceLen && bufPos < XS_REPLACEBUF_SIZE; ++i2)
						xs__replace_buf[bufPos++] = with[i2];
					i = j - 1;
					++occur;
					if (bufPos >= XS_REPLACEBUF_SIZE)
						return occur;
					continue;
				}
			}
			if (bufPos >= XS_REPLACEBUF_SIZE)
				return occur;
			xs__replace_buf[bufPos++] = text[i];
		}
		xs__replace_buf[bufPos] = 0;
		copy(text, len, xs__replace_buf);
		return occur;
	}
	
	// replaces all occurencies of what in text with with
	// Returns number of replaced items.
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_replace_char(text[], len, what, with)
	{
		// let the xs_replace function do the work
		new arr[4];
		arr[0] = what;
		arr[1] = 0;
		arr[2] = with;
		arr[3] = 0;
		
		return xs_replace(text, len, arr[0], arr[2]);
	}
	
	#if XS_PLATFORM == XS_AMX
		// message_begin checking for AMX
		xs__hook_message_begin(dest, msg_type, origin[3]={0,0,0}, player = 0)
		{
			xs_assert(xs_is_msg_valid(msg_type), "message_begin called with bogus message type");
			return message_begin(dest, msg_type, origin, player);
		}
		
		#define message_begin xs__hook_message_begin
	#endif
/****** MISC FUNCS *******/
	// sets namestr to name of the command identified by cid
	// half-tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_concmd_name(cid, namestr[], namelen)
	{
		new dummy1;
		new dummy2[1];
		get_concmd(cid, namestr, namelen, dummy1, dummy2, 0, 0);
	}

	// Checks whether there are at least num free visible slots
	// half-tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB bool:xs_freevisibleslots(num)
	{	
		new maxplayers = get_cvar_num("sv_visiblemaxplayers");
		if (maxplayers <= 0)
			maxplayers = get_maxplayers();
		
		return (get_playersnum(1) <= maxplayers-num) ? true : false;
	}
	
	// Returns biggest possible positive number
	XS_LIBVAR_ATTRIB xs__maxnum = 0;
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_get_maxnum()
	{
		if (!xs__maxnum)
		{
			// build it
			xs__maxnum = ((1 << (cellbits - 2)) - 1 ) | (1 << (cellbits - 2));
			/*
			new bits = get_cellsize() * 8 - 1;
			for (new i = 0; i < bits; ++i)
				xs__maxnum |= 1 << i;
			*/
		}
		return xs__maxnum;
	}
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_get_minnum()
	{
		return xs_get_maxnum() + 1;
	}


	// *** The following two functions were created by Damaged Soul.
	
	// Max messages reserved by engine (DO NOT MODIFY)
	#define XS__MAX_ENGINE_MESSAGES 63
	// Max possible messages for mod, is 255 really the limit?
	#define XS__MAX_POSSIBLE_MESSAGES 255

	// Returns max number of messages for mod
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_get_maxmessages()
	{
		new name[2];
		
		for (new i = XS__MAX_ENGINE_MESSAGES + 1; i <= XS__MAX_POSSIBLE_MESSAGES; i++)
			if (!get_user_msgname(i, name, 1))
				return i - 1;
		    
		return XS__MAX_POSSIBLE_MESSAGES;
	}

	// Returns true if msgid is a valid message
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB bool:xs_is_msg_valid(msgid)
	{
		new name[2];
		new retval = get_user_msgname(msgid, name, 1);
		
		if (msgid < 1 || (msgid > XS__MAX_ENGINE_MESSAGES && !retval))
			return false;
		
		return true;
	}

/****** MANAGED TASKS ******/

	// ***** managed task ids
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_find_freetaskid()
	{
		for (new i = 1; i <= XS_TASK_MANAGEDIDS; ++i)
		{
			if (!task_exists(i))
				return i;
		}
		return -1;
	}
	
	// ***** managed tasks
	enum xs_paramtypes
	{
		xs_invalid = 0,
		xs_int,
		xs_float,
		xs_string
	}
	
	// new task
	XS_LIBVAR_ATTRIB xs__TaskParam[	1 +						// number of parameters
				XS_TASK_MAXPARAMS +						// parameter types
				(XS_TASK_MAXPARAMSIZE char) * XS_TASK_MAXPARAMS];		// space for len + value
	
	XS_LIBVAR_ATTRIB Float:xs__TaskInterval = 0.0;
	XS_LIBVAR_ATTRIB xs__TaskFlags[5];
	XS_LIBVAR_ATTRIB xs__TaskFunc[48];
	XS_LIBVAR_ATTRIB xs__TaskId;
	XS_LIBVAR_ATTRIB xs__TaskRepeat;
	
	#define xs__TaskParamCount xs__TaskParam[0]
	#define xs__TaskParamType[%1] xs__TaskParam[1 + %1]
	
	#define xs__TaskParamValue[%1] xs__TaskParam[1 + XS_TASK_MAXPARAMS + (%1 * (XS_TASK_MAXPARAMSIZE char))]
	
	
	// incoming task
	XS_LIBVAR_ATTRIB xs__ITaskParam[	1 +						// number of parameters
				XS_TASK_MAXPARAMS +						// parameter types
				(XS_TASK_MAXPARAMSIZE char) * XS_TASK_MAXPARAMS];		// space for len + value
	XS_LIBVAR_ATTRIB xs__ITaskId;
	
	#define xs__ITaskParamCount xs__ITaskParam[0]
	#define xs__ITaskParamType[%1] xs__ITaskParam[1 + %1]
	
	#define xs__ITaskParamValue[%1] xs__ITaskParam[1 + XS_TASK_MAXPARAMS + (%1 * (XS_TASK_MAXPARAMSIZE char))]
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_task_begin(Float:interval, const func[], id = 0, const flags[] = "", repeat = 0)
	{
		xs_assert(xs__TaskInterval == 0.0, "New xs_task_begin called before xs_task_end");
		
		xs__TaskInterval = interval;
		if (xs__TaskInterval < 0.1)
			xs__TaskInterval = 0.1;
		
		copy(xs__TaskFunc, 47, func);
		xs__TaskId = id;
		copy(xs__TaskFlags, 4, flags);
		xs__TaskRepeat = repeat;
		
		xs__TaskParamCount = 0;
	}
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_task_pushint(value, bool:__isfl=false /*internal use only*/)
	{
		xs_assert(xs__TaskInterval, "xs_task_push* called without xs_task_begin");
		if (xs__TaskParamCount >= XS_TASK_MAXPARAMS)
			return 0;
			
		xs__TaskParamType[xs__TaskParamCount] = __isfl ? xs_float : xs_int;
		xs__TaskParamValue[xs__TaskParamCount] = value;
		
		++xs__TaskParamCount;
		return 1;
	}
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_task_pushfl(Float:value)
	{
		return xs_task_pushint(_:value, true);
	}
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_task_pushstr(const value[])
	{
		xs_assert(xs__TaskInterval, "xs_task_push* called without xs_task_begin");
		if (xs__TaskParamCount >= XS_TASK_MAXPARAMS)
			return 0;
			
		xs__TaskParamType[xs__TaskParamCount] = xs_string;
		strpack(xs__TaskParamValue[xs__TaskParamCount], value);
		++xs__TaskParamCount;
		return 1;
	}
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_task_end()
	{
		xs_assert(xs__TaskInterval, "xs_task_end called without xs_task_begin");
		
		// find a task id if needed
		if (xs__TaskId == -1)
		{
			xs__TaskId = xs_find_freetaskid();
			if (xs__TaskId == -1)
			{
				// not found
				xs__TaskInterval = 0.0;
				return -1;
			}
		}
		
		set_task(xs__TaskInterval, xs__TaskFunc, xs__TaskId, xs__TaskParam, 
			1 + xs__TaskParamCount * (XS_TASK_MAXPARAMSIZE char), xs__TaskFlags, xs__TaskRepeat);
		
		xs__TaskInterval = 0.0;
		
		return xs__TaskId;
	}
	
	
	// tested
	#define XS_MAKE_TASKFUNC(%1) public %1(const _xs__taskparam[], _xs__taskid) if(xs__task_setup(_xs__taskparam, _xs__taskid))
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs__task_setup(const param[], taskid)
	{
		xs__ITaskId = taskid;
		new len = 1 + param[0] * (XS_TASK_MAXPARAMSIZE char);
		for (new i = 0; i < len; ++i)
			xs__ITaskParam[i] = param[i];
		return 1;
	}
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_task_readid()
	{
		return xs__ITaskId;
	}
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_task_paramcount()
	{
		return xs__ITaskParamCount;
	}
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_paramtypes:xs_task_paramtype(paramid)
	{
		if (paramid < 0 || paramid >= xs__ITaskParamCount)
			return xs_invalid;
		
		return xs_paramtypes:xs__ITaskParamType[paramid];
	}
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_task_paramint(paramid)
	{
		if (paramid < 0 || paramid >= xs__ITaskParamCount)
			return 0;
		if (xs__ITaskParamType[paramid] != _:xs_int)
			return 0;
		
		return xs__ITaskParamValue[paramid];
	}
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB Float:xs_task_paramfl(paramid)
	{
		if (paramid < 0 || paramid >= xs__ITaskParamCount)
			return 0.0;
		if (xs__ITaskParamType[paramid] != _:xs_float)
			return 0.0;
		
		return Float:xs__ITaskParamValue[paramid];
	}
	
	// tested
	XS_LIBFUNC_ATTRIB xs_task_paramstr(paramid, out[], maxlen)
	{
		#pragma unused maxlen
		
		if (paramid < 0 || paramid >= xs__ITaskParamCount)
			return 0;
		if (xs__ITaskParamType[paramid] != _:xs_string)
			return 0;
		
		strunpack(out, xs__ITaskParamValue[paramid]);
		return 1;
	}
	
#pragma semicolon 0